L2 Planet Issue #34
In this issue of L2 Planet, we focus on the latest developments in the Arbitrum, Lens, Optimism, Worldcoin, Aave, and ENS ecosystems.
Arbitrum BOLD
Arbitrum has introduced BOLD, which enables permissionless validation for Arbitrum Orbit chains, now on testnet.
BOLD updates the current fraud-proof system of Arbitrum and introduces a new all-vs-all dispute design rather than 1-vs-1. This means that a single honest party can defend Arbitrum’s state and win disputes against malicious actors.
The change in the current fraud-proof system enables bounded validators to:
Post claims about an Arbitrum chain’s state to Ethereum,
Challenge invalid claims made by other validators, and
Confirm valid claims - either by timing other validators out or by winning a challenge
This is a huge milestone to achieve Arbitrum to be a stage 2 rollup! The BOLD will hit mainnet sometime in the summer If Arbitrum DAO approves.
Lens L2
Lens Protocol introduced the Lens Network, a social layer built with zkSync Stack.
Lens’ plan consists of 3 phases: seed, grow, and bloom. In the first phase, Lens Network will be a validium solution for both public and private interactions. It has not yet been specified where and how the data will be stored
In the second phase, Lens will be available as two separate Validium chains, allowing for both public and private transactions. Where the data for the public Validium chain will be stored has not been specified. For the private Validium chain, privacy features are directly integrated into the RPC node network.
In the final phase, zkRollup is added to the system, turning the Lens Network into a Volition system. For financial transactions, zkRollup is used with Ethereum security, while Validium with low transaction fees is used for social transactions. If you don't know what Volition is, you can check out this content.
In the introduced architecture, it has not been specified where the data of the Validium chains will be stored. The data could be stored on Celestia, Avail, or an external DAC (Data Availability Committee). Another scenario is that Lens could do a $LENS airdrop, and the data would be available through a system similar to PoS with staked $LENS tokens.
OP Stack Fault-proofs
Wen proofs? Soon. Optimism aims to be a stage 1 rollup after enabling fault proofs on the Optimism mainnet.
A proposal to activate fault proofs on the Optimism mainnet was submitted by Adrian from OP Labs. For Optimism withdrawals to function, the L2 state root must be posted to L1. Before this upgrade, L2 root values were posted to the L2OutputOracle contract. It could only be posted by a trusted, permissioned account. As long as this permissioned account acted honestly, the chain would function as intended. This upgrade aims to move towards technical decentralization by allowing anyone to post the L2 root. So, anyone to submit an output root for withdrawals and anyone can challenge any output roots. It reduces the trust assumptions for users of OP Mainnet.
If this proposal passes and becomes the new governance-approved version of the OP Stack, the upgrade will be deployed to OP Mainnet by the Security Council shortly after the end of the veto period. The voting period is expected to end on June 5th and the deployment will occur on June 10th.
World Chain L2
The Worldcoin has announced the World Chain, an L2 network built with OP Stack.
Currently, Worldcoin user transactions represent about %44 of OP mainnet’s activity, making it the largest application on the OP mainnet. The Worldcoin team knows the need to build a chain for Worldcoin, World Chain.
The World Chain will be permissionless but the verified humans will be prioritized for faster confirmation times. Verified addresses will also receive an allowance of some free gas. The ETH will remain the native gas token of the network and users be able to pay gas fees with WLD.
The World Chain will be part of the Superchain ecosystem and is expected to hit mainnet after this summer.
Aave Network
Aave has introduced to plan to build a network as a part of the Aave 2030 vision.
While Ethereum would remain the home of the Aave DAO and the Aave governance, the network will bring unprecedented growth to Aave and GHO by opening up unexplored markets. Aave Labs believes Aave Network will unlock some fancy features such as:
Using GHO for fees: with the use of Validium on top of Aave Network, enables cost-effective and micro payments and improves the UX.
Aave V4 integrated at the network level: Aave V4 will become the main network liquidity hub, with simple integration access for developers.
AAVE as main staking asset for decentralized validators/sequencers
Governance control of the Aave Network interfaces to Ethereum through the Aave Governance V3
Extensive usage of Account Abstraction
Inheriting the network security from Ethereum
The team is monitoring and analyzing both L1 and L2 techs to build the Aave Network. Which technology they will use is not certain yet. OP Stack, ZK Stack, or Arbitrum Orbit? The Aave DAO will decide it.
ENSv2
Ethereum Name Service (ENS) has announced that the ENS protocol will build its own L2 network.
What is the meaning of this migration for users? Lower gas costs, and faster transaction speeds for .eth name management. Hierarchical registry system for enhanced customization and control. Also, it provides improved multi-chain interoperability.
For now, it is unclear which rollup stack ENSv2 will use, but rumors say that the ZK Stack is highly likely to be used. You can find more details about ENSv2 design here.
Spectating Corner
That’s all from L2 Planet for now, hope to see you in 15 days :)